Ransom E. Olds
| Ransom E. Olds | |
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 Ransom E. Olds |
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| Born | June 3, 1864 Geneva, Ohio |
| Died | August 26, 1950 (aged 86) Lansing, Michigan |
| Occupation | Business, Automobiles |
| Spouse | Metta Ursula Woodward |
| Parents | Pliny Fiske Olds and Sarah Whipple Olds |
Ransom Eli Olds (June 3, 1864 – August 26, 1950) was a pioneer of the American automotive industry, for whom both the Oldsmobile and REO brands were named. He claimed to have built his first steam car as early as 1894, and his first gasoline powered car in 1896. The modern assembly line and its basic concept is credited to Olds, who used it to build the first mass-produced automobile, the Oldsmobile Curved Dash beginning in 1901.[1]
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[edit] Early life
Olds was born in Geneva, Ohio, the youngest son of blacksmith and pattern-maker Pliny Fiske Olds and his wife Sarah Whipple Olds. His parents moved the family to Cleveland, Ohio, when Olds was still a boy. He eventually settled in Lansing, Michigan, where he married Metta Ursula Woodward on June 5, 1889. He was of English ancestry with the first paternal line coming from Dorset, England.[2]
[edit] Oldsmobile
He founded the Olds Motor Vehicle Company in Lansing, Michigan, on August 21, 1897. The company was bought by a copper and lumber magnate named Samuel L. Smith in 1899 and renamed Olds Motor Works. The new company was relocated from Lansing to Detroit. Smith became President while Olds became vice president and general manager.
In 1901 Olds designed the Curved Dash Oldsmobile which sold for $650.00.[citation needed] It was this car, rather than Henry Ford's Model T, that was the first mass-produced, low-priced American motor vehicle.[3] Although the factory was destroyed by fire that year, the company still sold over 600 models of the Curved Dash. In 1904 sales were up to 5000 units.
As Smith's son, Frederic L. Smith, came into the business, he and Olds clashed frequently until Fred Smith removed Olds from the position of vice president and general manager in 1904 and Olds left his company.[4] He went on to form the R.E. Olds Motor Car Company. Its name was quickly changed to REO Motor Car Company to avoid a lawsuit from the Olds Motor Works. The name REO came from the initials of his name as an acronym. Olds served as president (until 1925) and later chairman of REO.
The Olds Motor Works was bought by General Motors in 1908. General Motors discontinued the Oldsmobile brand in 2004, after a production run of 96 years.
[edit] Assembly line
Olds was the first person to use the assembly line in the automotive industry. Henry Ford came after him, and was the first to use a moving assembly line to manufacture cars.[5] This new approach to putting together automobiles enabled him to more than quintuple his factory’s output, from 425 cars in 1901 to 2,500 in 1902.[6]
[edit] Racing career
Olds was also famous for his auto racing on the beaches of Florida at Ormond and Daytona. He had the first timed run on the beach in a solo run some time between 1894 and 1897. In 1896 or 1897, rich automobile pioneers Olds and Alexander Winton (Winton Motor Carriage Company) staged an unofficial event; Winton beat Olds by only 0.20 seconds.
[edit] Oldsmar
In 1913, Olds purchased 37,541 acres (152 km²) of land by the northern part of Tampa Bay in Florida and developed the area into what is now the city of Oldsmar.
[edit] Other Lansing businesses
In 1906, Olds organized the Capital National Bank, later called Lansing National Bank, and Michigan National Bank. Olds was also involved in the organization of the Michigan Screw Company and Atlas Drop Forge Company, all located in Lansing, Michigan.
Olds was the primary financier of the Olds Tower. When completed in 1931 it was the tallest office building in Lansing, and retains that distinction today. Located at 124 West Allegan Street, the building is now called the Boji Tower.
Olds was also involved in the Hotel Olds located at 111 South Capitol Avenue in Lansing. Today this is known as the George W. Romney Building, where the office of the Governor of Michigan is located.
[edit] Politics
Olds was a Republican, and served as a delegate from Michigan's 6th District to the 1908 Republican National Convention, which nominated William Howard Taft for president.
[edit] Residence
In the early 1900s, Olds built an elaborate Queen Anne-style mansion on South Washington Avenue in Lansing. Among the home's many technological innovations was a turntable in the garage which allowed Olds to pull in at night and leave again the next morning without driving in reverse. The mansion was demolished in 1972 to make way for Interstate 496, which ironically was then named for Olds himself. He had another house in Ann Arbor, Michigan, which is still standing, and is open to the public for tours.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Michigan Yesterday & Today. Voyageur Press. http://books.google.com/books?id=HQdTa9ZXlVAC&pg=PA29&dq=Ransom+Olds+and+assembly+line&hl=en&ei=bBlsTvDoBNG9tgf-uungBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Ransom E. Olds Biography.
- ^ Berger, Michael L. (2001). The Automobile in American History and Culture: A Reference Guide, p. 40. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. ISBN 0313245584.
- ^ Dunbar, Willis F., and May, George S. (1995). Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State (3rd ed.), p. 424. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. ISBN 0802870554.
- ^ "Invention of the Assembly Line". http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/assbline.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
- ^ Redgap, Curtis (2007). "Pioneers of the auto industry". http://www.allpar.com/corporate/bios/pioneers.html. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
- 1880 Census of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, page 321B.
