American Basketball Association
Logo ABA |
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Sport | Basketball |
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Founded | 1967 |
No. of teams | 11 |
Country(ies) | United States |
Continent | FIBA Americas (Americas) |
Ceased | 1976 |
Last champion(s) | New York Nets (2nd title) |
Most titles | Indiana Pacers (3 titles) |
The American Basketball Association (ABA) was a professional basketball league founded in 1967. The ABA ceased to exist with the ABA–NBA merger in 1976.
Contents |
[edit] League history
The original ABA was founded in 1967, competing with the well-established National Basketball Association, until the ABA–NBA merger in 1976. According to The NBA Encyclopedia, its long-term goal was to force a merger with the more established league. ABA officials told potential owners that they could get an ABA team for half of what it cost to get an NBA expansion team at the time. When the merger occurred, ABA officials said their investment would more than double.
Ultimately, four ABA teams were absorbed into the older league: the New York Nets, Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers, and San Antonio Spurs. Two other clubs, the Kentucky Colonels, and the Spirits of St. Louis, were disbanded upon the merger. A third, the Virginia Squires, had folded less than a month earlier, missing out on the opportunities that a merger might have provided.
The ABA distinguished itself from its older counterpart with a more wide-open, flashy style of offensive play, as well as differences in rules - a 30-second shot clock (as opposed to the NBA's 24-second clock, though the ABA did switch to the 24 second shot clock for the 1975-76 season) and use of a three-point field goal arc. Also, the ABA used a colorful red, white and blue ball, instead of the NBA's traditional orange ball. The ABA also had several "regional" franchises, such as the Virginia Squires and Carolina Cougars, that played "home" games in several cities.
The ABA also cleverly went after four of the best referees in the NBA: Earl Strom, John Vanak, Norm Drucker and Joe Gushue, getting them to "jump" leagues by offering them far more in money and benefits. In Earl Strom's memoir Calling the Shots, Strom conveys both the heady sense of being courted by a rival league with money to burn—and also the depression that set in the next year when he began refereeing in the ABA, with lesser players performing in inadequate arenas, in front of very small crowds. But the emergence of the ABA boosted the salaries of referees just as it did the salaries of players.
The freewheeling style of the ABA eventually caught on with fans, but the lack of a national television contract and protracted financial losses would spell doom for the ABA as an independent circuit. In 1976, its last year of existence, the ABA pioneered the now-popular slam dunk contest at its all-star game in Denver.
One of the more significant long-term contributions of the ABA to professional basketball was to tap into markets in the southeast that had been collegiate basketball hotbeds (including North Carolina, Virginia, and Kentucky). The NBA was focused on the urban areas of the Northeast, Midwest and West Coast. At the time, it showed no interest in placing a team south of Washington, D.C.
[edit] Commissioners
- George Mikan 1967–1969
- James Gardner 1969 (interim)
- Jack Dolph 1969–1972
- Bob Carlson 1972–1973
- Mike Storen 1973–74
- Tedd Munchak 1974–75
- Dave DeBusschere 1975–76
NBA great George Mikan was the first commissioner of the ABA, where he introduced both the 3-point line and the league's trademark red, white and blue basketball.[1] Mikan resigned in 1969. Dave DeBusschere, one of the stars of the New York Knicks championship teams, moved from his job as Vice President and GM of the ABA's New York Nets in 1975 to become the last commissioner of the ABA and facilitate the ABA-NBA merger in 1976.[2]
[edit] Teams
Of the original 11 teams, only the Kentucky Colonels and Indiana Pacers remained for all nine seasons without relocating, changing team names, or folding.
Franchise | Cities/Names | Years | Destiny |
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Anaheim Amigos Los Angeles Stars Utah Stars |
Anaheim Amigos | 1967–1968 | Folded, 1975 |
Los Angeles Stars | 1968–1970 | ||
Utah Stars | 1970–1975 | ||
Dallas/Texas Chaparrals San Antonio Spurs |
Dallas Chapparals | 1967–1970 | Joined NBA, 1976, as San Antonio Spurs |
Texas Chaparrals | 1970–1971 | ||
Dallas Chaparrals | 1971–1973 | ||
San Antonio Spurs | 1973–1976 | ||
Houston Mavericks Carolina Cougars Spirits of St. Louis Utah Rockies |
Houston Mavericks | 1967–1969 | Folded, 1976 |
Carolina Cougars | 1969–1974 | ||
Spirits of St. Louis | 1974–1976 | ||
Utah Rockies | 1976 | ||
Indiana Pacers | Indiana Pacers | 1967–1976 | Joined NBA, 1976, as Indiana Pacers |
Kansas City/ Denver Larks/Rockets/Nuggets |
Kansas City (unnamed) | 1967 | Joined NBA, 1976, as Denver Nuggets |
Denver Larks | 1967 | ||
Denver Rockets | 1967–1974 | ||
Denver Nuggets | 1974–1976 | ||
Kentucky Colonels | Kentucky Colonels | 1967–1976 | Folded, 1976 |
Minnesota Muskies Miami Floridians Floridians |
Minnesota Muskies | 1967–1968 | Folded, 1972 |
Miami Floridians | 1968–1970 | ||
Floridians | 1970–1972 | ||
New Orleans/Louisiana Buccaneers Memphis Pros/Tams/Sounds Baltimore Hustlers/Claws |
New Orleans Buccaneers | 1967–1970 | Folded, 1975 |
Louisiana Buccaneers | 1970 | ||
Memphis Pros | 1970–1972 | ||
Memphis Tams | 1972–1974 | ||
Memphis Sounds | 1974–1975 | ||
Baltimore Hustlers | 1975 | ||
Baltimore Claws | 1975 | ||
New York/New Jersey Americans New York Nets |
New York Americans | 1967 | Joined NBA, 1976, as New York Nets |
New Jersey Americans | 1967–1968 | ||
New York Nets | 1968–1976 | ||
Oakland Americans/Oaks Washington Capitals Virginia Squires |
Oakland Americans | 1967 | Folded, 1976 |
Oakland Oaks | 1967–1969 | ||
Washington Capitals | 1969–1970 | ||
Virginia Squires | 1970–1976 | ||
Pittsburgh Pipers/Pioneers/Condors Minnesota Pipers |
Pittsburgh Pipers | 1967–1968 | Folded, 1972 |
Minnesota Pipers | 1968–1969 | ||
Pittsburgh Pipers | 1969–1970 | ||
Pittsburgh Pioneers | 1970 | ||
Pittsburgh Condors | 1970–1972 | ||
San Diego Conquistadors/Sails | San Diego Conquistadors | 1972–1975 | Folded, 1975 |
San Diego Sails | 1975 |
[edit] List of ABA championships
Year | Western Division champion | Games | Eastern Division champion | Playoffs MVP |
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1967–68 | New Orleans Buccaneers | 3–4 | Pittsburgh Pipers | Connie Hawkins C, Pittsburgh |
1968–69 | Oakland Oaks | 4–1 | Indiana Pacers | Warren Jabali G, Oakland |
1969–70 | Los Angeles Stars | 2–4 | Indiana Pacers | Roger Brown F/G, Indiana |
1970–71 | Utah Stars | 4–3 | Kentucky Colonels | Zelmo Beaty C, Utah |
1971–72 | Indiana Pacers | 4–2 | New York Nets | Freddie Lewis G, Indiana |
1972–73 | Indiana Pacers | 4–3 | Kentucky Colonels | George McGinnis F/C, Indiana |
1973–74 | Utah Stars | 1–4 | New York Nets | Julius Erving F, New York |
1974–75 | Indiana Pacers | 1–4 | Kentucky Colonels | Artis Gilmore C, Kentucky |
With the ABA cut down to seven teams by the middle of its final season, the league abandoned divisional play.
Year | Winner | Games | Runners-up | Playoffs MVP |
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1975–76 | New York Nets | 4–2 | Denver Nuggets | Julius Erving F, New York |
[edit] Prominent players
- Marvin Barnes
- Rick Barry
- Zelmo Beaty
- Ron Boone
- Hubie Brown
- Larry Brown
- Roger Brown
- Don Buse
- Mack Calvin
- Darel Carrier
- Jim Chones
- Billy Cunningham
- Louie Dampier
- Mel Daniels
- Julius "Dr. J" Erving
- Donnie Freeman
- George "Ice Man" Gervin
- Artis Gilmore
- Jerry Harkness
- Connie Hawkins
- Spencer Haywood
- Dan Issel
- Warren Jabali
- Bobby Jones
- Jimmy Jones
- Larry Jones
- Freddie Lewis
- Maurice Lucas
- Moses Malone
- George McGinnis
- Doug Moe
- Bob Netolicky
- Billy Paultz
- Charlie Scott
- James Silas
- David "Skywalker" Thompson
- Willie Wise
For more information, see ABA All-Time Team.[3]
[edit] Season leaders
* | Elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame |
[edit] Scoring leaders
Season | Player | Team(s) | Games played |
Points | PPG |
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Connie Hawkins* | Pittsburgh Pipers | 70 | 1875 | 26.8 |
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Rick Barry* | Oakland Oaks | 35 | 1190 | 34.0 |
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Spencer Haywood | Denver Rockets | 84 | 2519 | 30.0 |
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Dan Issel* | Kentucky Colonels | 83 | 2480 | 29.9 |
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Charlie Scott | Virginia Squires | 73 | 2524 | 34.6 |
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Julius Erving* | Virginia Squires | 71 | 2268 | 31.9 |
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Julius Erving* (2) | New York Nets | 84 | 2299 | 27.4 |
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George McGinnis | Indiana Pacers | 79 | 2353 | 29.8 |
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Julius Erving* (3) | New York Nets | 84 | 2464 | 29.3 |
[edit] Rebounding leaders
Season | Player | Team(s) | Game played |
Offensive rebounds |
Defensive rebounds |
Total rebounds |
RPG |
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Mel Daniels | Minnesota Muskies | 78 | 502 | 711 | 1213 | 15.6 |
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Mel Daniels (2) | Indiana Pacers | 76 | 383 | 873 | 1256 | 16.5 |
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Spencer Haywood | Denver Rockets | 84 | 533 | 1104 | 1637 | 19.5 |
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Mel Daniels (3) | Indiana Pacers | 82 | 394 | 1081 | 1475 | 18.0 |
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Artis Gilmore* | Kentucky Colonels | 84 | 421 | 1070 | 1491 | 17.8 |
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Artis Gilmore* (2) | Kentucky Colonels | 84 | 449 | 1027 | 1476 | 17.6 |
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Artis Gilmore* (3) | Kentucky Colonels | 84 | 478 | 1060 | 1538 | 18.3 |
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Swen Nater | San Antonio Spurs | 78 | 369 | 910 | 1279 | 16.4 |
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Artis Gilmore* (4) | Kentucky Colonels | 84 | 402 | 901 | 1301 | 15.5 |
[edit] Assists leaders
Season | Player | Team(s) | Games played |
Assists | APG |
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Larry Brown* | New Orleans Buccaneers | 78 | 506 | 6.5 |
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Larry Brown* (2) | Oakland Oaks | 77 | 544 | 7.1 |
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Larry Brown* (3) | Washington Caps | 82 | 580 | 7.1 |
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Bill Melchionni | New York Nets | 81 | 672 | 8.3 |
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Bill Melchionni (2) | New York Nets | 80 | 669 | 8.4 |
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Bill Melchionni (3) | New York Nets | 61 | 453 | 7.4 |
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Al Smith | Denver Rockets | 76 | 619 | 8.1 |
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Mack Calvin | Denver Nuggets | 74 | 570 | 7.7 |
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Don Buse | Indiana Pacers | 84 | 689 | 8.2 |
[edit] Steals leaders
Season | Player | Team(s) | Games played |
Steals | SPG |
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Ted McClain | Denver Rockets | 84 | 250 | 2.98 |
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Brian Taylor | New York Nets | 79 | 221 | 2.80 |
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Don Buse | Indiana Pacers | 84 | 346 | 4.12 |
[edit] Blocks leaders
Season | Player | Team(s) | Games played |
Blocks | BPG |
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Caldwell Jones | San Diego Conquistadors | 79 | 316 | 4.00 |
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Caldwell Jones (2) | San Diego Conquistadors | 76 | 246 | 3.24 |
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Billy Paultz | San Antonio Spurs | 83 | 253 | 3.05 |
[edit] Awards
[edit] Succession
In 1999, a new league calling itself the ABA 2000 was established. The new league uses a similar red, white and blue basketball as the old ABA, but unlike the original ABA, it does not feature players of the same caliber as the NBA, nor does it play games in major arenas nor on television as the original ABA did.
[edit] See also
- List of defunct sports leagues
- Loose Balls written by Terry Pluto
- Semi-Pro, a comedy about the ABA starring Will Ferrell, of the fictional Flint Tropics
- World Hockey Association, another league that intended to compete with its professional counterpart, the NHL
[edit] References
- ^ "ESPN Classic: Mikan was first pro to dominate the post". http://espn.go.com/classic/obit/s/2005/0602/2074322.html. Retrieved 2007-12-04.
- ^ "Dave DeBusschere Bio". NBA.com. http://www.nba.com/history/players/debusschere_bio.html. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ^ RememberTheABA.com ABA All-Time Team Page (as selected at 30 year ABA anniversary event)
[edit] External links
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