List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI

World map indicating the inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in 2011.

0.850 and over   0.800–0.849   0.750–0.799   0.700–0.749   0.650–0.699

0.600–0.649   0.550–0.599   0.500–0.549   0.450–0.499   0.400–0.449   Data unavailable

0.350–0.399   0.300–0.349   0.250–0.300   0.200–0.250   under 0.200

This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI), as published by the UNDP in its 2011 Human Development Report. According to the report, the IHDI is a "measure of the average level of human development of people in a society once inequality is taken into account. It captures the HDI of the average person in society, which is less than the aggregate HDI when there is inequality in the distribution of health, education and income. Under perfect equality, the HDI and IHDI are equal; the greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality." In that sense, "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (taking into account inequality), while the HDI can be viewed as an index of the potential human development that could be achieved if there is no inequality."

The IHDI, estimated for 134 countries, captures the losses in human development due to inequality in health, education and income. Losses in the three dimensions vary across countries, ranging from 2.9% (Hong Kong) to 52.0% (Chad) in life expectancy, 1.3% (Czech Republic) to 49.7% (Yemen) in education and 4.5% (Azerbaijan) to 68.3% (Namibia) in income. Overall loss in all three dimensions ranges from 5.0% (Czech Republic) to 43.5% (Namibia).

The table below ranks countries according to their inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI) and compares it to their HDI. The "Loss (%)" column, given by the difference between the HDI and the IHDI and expressed as a percentage, indicates the “loss” in potential human development due to inequality. The "Rank change" column reflects a country's rank difference between both HDI and IHDI lists, when only the 134 countries with a calculated IHDI are considered.

Data are missing for the following 53 countries with a calculated HDI: Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahrain, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Cape Verde, Comoros, Cuba, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Fiji, Gambia, Grenada, Hong Kong, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Libya, Liechtenstein, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Myanmar, New Zealand, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sudan, Tonga, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates and Vanuatu.

All data are based on 2011 estimates.

Rank	Country	IHDI	HDI	Loss (%)	Rank change
1	Norway	0.890	0.943	5.6	0
2	Australia	0.856	0.929	7.9	0
3	Sweden	0.851	0.904	5.9	5
4	Netherlands	0.846	0.910	7.0	-1
5	Iceland	0.845	0.898	5.9	5
6	Ireland	0.843	0.908	7.2	0
7	Germany	0.842	0.905	6.9	0
8	Denmark	0.842	0.895	6.0	4
9	Switzerland	0.840	0.903	7.0	0
10	Slovenia	0.837	0.884	5.3	7
11	Finland	0.833	0.882	5.6	7
12	Canada	0.829	0.908	8.7	-7
13	Czech Republic	0.821	0.865	5.0	9
14	Austria	0.820	0.885	7.4	1
15	Belgium	0.819	0.886	7.6	-1
16	France	0.804	0.884	9.1	0
17	Spain	0.799	0.878	8.9	2
18	Luxembourg	0.799	0.867	7.8	3
19	United Kingdom	0.791	0.863	8.4	4
20	Slovakia	0.787	0.834	5.7	7
21	Israel	0.779	0.888	12.3	-8
22	Italy	0.779	0.874	10.9	-2
23	United States	0.771	0.910	15.3	-19
24	Estonia	0.769	0.835	7.9	2
25	Hungary	0.759	0.816	7.0	3
26	Greece	0.756	0.861	12.2	-2
27	Cyprus	0.755	0.840	10.1	-2
28	Korea, South !South Korea	0.749	0.897	16.5	-17
29	Poland	0.734	0.813	9.7	0
30	Lithuania	0.730	0.810	9.8	0
31	Portugal	0.726	0.809	10.2	0
32	Montenegro	0.718	0.771	6.9	7
33	Latvia	0.717	0.805	10.9	-1
34	Serbia	0.694	0.766	9.5	9
35	Belarus	0.693	0.756	8.3	10
36	Romania	0.683	0.781	12.6	1
37	Bulgaria	0.683	0.771	11.4	3
38	Croatia	0.675	0.796	15.1	-3
39	Russia	0.670	0.755	11.3	7
40	Ukraine	0.662	0.729	9.2	14
41	Bahamas, The !The Bahamas	0.658	0.771	14.7	-3
42	Kazakhstan	0.656	0.745	11.9	5
43	Uruguay	0.654	0.783	16.4	-7
44	Chile	0.652	0.805	19.0	-11
45	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.649	0.733	11.6	7
46	Trinidad and Tobago	0.644	0.760	15.3	-2
47	Argentina	0.641	0.797	19.5	-13
48	Armenia	0.639	0.716	10.8	13
49	Albania	0.637	0.739	13.9	0
50	Mauritius	0.631	0.728	13.3	5
51	Georgia	0.630	0.733	14.1	2
52	Azerbaijan	0.620	0.700	11.4	11
53	Jamaica	0.610	0.727	16.2	4
54	Macedonia, Republic of !Republic of Macedonia	0.609	0.728	16.4	2
55	Costa Rica	0.591	0.744	20.5	-7
56	Mexico	0.589	0.770	23.5	-15
57	Panama	0.579	0.768	24.6	-15
58	Sri Lanka	0.579	0.691	16.2	9
59	Lebanon	0.570	0.739	22.8	-9
60	Moldova	0.569	0.649	12.2	18
61	Jordan	0.565	0.698	19.0	5
62	Mongolia	0.563	0.653	13.8	15
63	Peru	0.557	0.725	23.2	-5
64	Uzbekistan	0.544	0.641	15.1	17
65	Gabon	0.543	0.674	19.5	8
66	Turkey	0.542	0.699	22.5	-2
67	Venezuela	0.540	0.735	26.6	-16
68	Thailand	0.537	0.682	21.3	2
69	Ecuador	0.535	0.720	25.8	-10
70	China, People's Republic of !People's Republic of China	0.534	0.687	22.3	-1
71	Kyrgyzstan	0.526	0.615	14.4	17
72	Tunisia	0.523	0.698	25.2	-7
73	Brazil	0.519	0.718	27.7	-13
74	Suriname	0.518	0.680	23.8	-3
75	Philippines	0.516	0.644	19.9	4
76	Vietnam	0.510	0.593	14.0	14
77	Dominican Republic	0.510	0.689	25.9	-9
78	Paraguay	0.505	0.665	24.0	-4
79	Indonesia	0.504	0.617	18.3	8
80	Syria	0.503	0.632	20.4	4
81	Tajikistan	0.500	0.607	17.6	8
82	Maldives	0.495	0.661	25.2	-6
83	El Salvador	0.495	0.674	26.6	-11
84	Guyana	0.492	0.633	22.3	-1
85	Egypt	0.489	0.644	24.1	-5
86	Colombia	0.479	0.710	32.5	-24
87	Bolivia	0.437	0.663	34.1	-12
88	Nicaragua	0.427	0.589	27.5	3
89	Honduras	0.427	0.625	31.7	-3
90	Morocco	0.409	0.582	29.7	2
91	Laos	0.405	0.524	22.8	6
92	Guatemala	0.393	0.574	31.6	1
93	India	0.392	0.547	28.3	1
94	Micronesia, Federated States of !Federated States of Micronesia	0.390	0.636	38.6	-12
95	Cambodia	0.380	0.523	27.2	3
96	Ghana	0.367	0.541	32.2	-1
97	Congo	0.367	0.533	31.1	-1
98	Bangladesh	0.363	0.500	27.4	5
99	Namibia	0.353	0.625	43.5	-14
100	Sao Tome and Principe !São Tomé and Príncipe	0.348	0.509	31.5	1
101	Pakistan	0.346	0.504	31.4	1
102	Kenya	0.338	0.509	33.6	-2
103	Swaziland	0.338	0.522	35.4	-4
104	Madagascar	0.332	0.480	30.7	2
105	Timor-Leste	0.332	0.495	32.9	-1
106	Tanzania	0.332	0.466	28.8	1
107	Cameroon	0.321	0.482	33.4	-2
108	Yemen	0.312	0.462	32.3	0
109	Senegal	0.304	0.459	33.8	0
110	Zambia	0.303	0.430	29.5	7
111	Nepal	0.301	0.458	34.3	0
112	Mauritania	0.298	0.453	34.2	1
113	Uganda	0.296	0.446	33.6	2
114	Togo	0.289	0.435	33.5	2
115	Lesotho	0.288	0.450	35.9	-1
116	Nigeria	0.278	0.459	39.3	-6
117	Rwanda	0.276	0.429	35.7	2
118	Djibouti	0.275	0.430	35.9	0
119	Benin	0.274	0.427	35.8	1
120	Malawi	0.272	0.400	32.0	2
121	Haiti	0.271	0.454	40.2	-9
122	Zimbabwe	0.268	0.376	28.7	1
123	Ethiopia	0.247	0.363	31.9	1
124	Cote d'Ivoire !Côte d'Ivoire	0.246	0.400	38.6	-3
125	Mozambique	0.229	0.322	28.9	7
126	Burkina Faso	0.215	0.331	35.1	3
127	Liberia	0.213	0.329	35.3	3
128	Guinea	0.211	0.344	38.8	-2
129	Guinea-Bissau	0.207	0.353	41.4	-4
130	Central African Republic	0.204	0.343	40.6	-3
131	Sierra Leone	0.196	0.336	41.6	-3
132	Chad	0.196	0.328	40.1	-1
133	Niger	0.195	0.295	34.2	0
134	Congo, Democratic Republic of the !Democratic Republic of the Congo	0.172	0.286	39.9	0

Caution

This is an experimental measure that will be subject to changes in the future. One major flaw is in the inequality adjusted income index, which forms a third of the overall index. Effectively countries with much lower inequality adjusted GNI will score higher in the income index than other countries who have higher inequality adjusted GNI, but higher inequality. For example, country A has GNI per capita of $40,000 (index= .858), inequality adjusted GNI per capita of $30,000 (index=.816), and country B has a GNI per capita of $18,000 (.743), inequality adjusted GNI per capita of $16,000 (.735). So country A is clearly better off by both measures. However, this is not the way the inequality adjusted income index is calculated. As the text says, "The HDI income index is adjusted for inequality in income distribution based on data from household surveys." It is the index itself which is adjusted for inequality. Thus, for country A, the index of (.858) gets multiplied by the ratio (30,000/40,000)=.6435. For country B, the index of (.743) gets multiplied by the ratio (16,000/18,000)=.66. Therefore, country B is technically "better off" in terms of income even though it actually receives about half the income of country A.

See also

• List of countries by Human Development Index
• Income inequality
• List of countries by income equality
• Happy Planet Index
• OSCE countries statistics
• Satisfaction with Life Index

External links

• Human Development Reports