Ribbon lake

Formation of a ribbon lake

Windermere in the Lake District

A ribbon lake or loch is a long and narrow, finger-shaped lake, usually found in a glacial trough. Its formation begins when a glacier moves over an area containing alternate bands of hard and soft bedrock. The sharp-edged boulders that are picked up by the glacier and carried at the bottom of the glacier erode the softer rock more quickly by abrasion, thus creating a hollow called a rock basin. On either side of the rock basin, the more resistant rock is eroded less and these outcrops of harder rock are known as rock bars, which act as dams between which rainwater may accumulate after the retreat of the ice age, filling up the rock basin and creating a ribbon lake.

A ribbon lake may also form behind a terminal or recessional moraine, both of which also act as dams, enabling water to accumulate behind them.

A ribbon lake may also occur if a tributary glacier joins a main glacier. The increase in power can create a trough, which is filled with water from a river/meltwater to create a ribbon lake.

A ribbon lake is also one of a number of glacial landscapes. These include aretes, corries, rock lips, rock basins and terminal moraines.

Examples of ribbon lakes include: Windermere, Panguipulli, Coniston Water, Lake Washington and Wastwater.

References

• Griffiths, Joshua (1993). Glacial Environments. UBC Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-7748-0510-0.  Online at Google Books