2012 Pacific hurricane season

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2012 Pacific hurricane season
Season summary map
First storm formed May 14, 2012
Last storm dissipated Season still active
Strongest storm Emilia – 945 mbar (hPa) (27.92 inHg), 140 mph (220 km/h)
Total depressions 9
Total storms 9
Hurricanes 6
Major hurricanes (Cat. 3+) 3
Total fatalities 2 direct, 1 indirect
Total damage Unknown
Pacific hurricane seasons
2010, 2011, 2012, Post-2012
Related article

The 2012 Pacific hurricane season was a month ahead of climatological standards in mid-July. The season officially started on May 15, 2012 in the Eastern Pacific, although Tropical Storm Aletta developed a day prior. The season began on June 1, 2012 in the Central Pacific, and the entire season will end on November 30, 2012. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin.

Contents

[edit] Seasonal forecasts

Predictions of tropical activity in the 2012 season
Source Date Named
storms		 Hurricanes Major
hurricanes
Average (1971–2006) 15.3 8.8 4.2
Record high activity 28 16 (tie) 10
Record low activity 8 (tie) 3 0 (tie)
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
NOAA May 24, 2012 12-18 5-9 2-5
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Actual activity 9 6 3

On May 24, the Climate Prediction Center released its pre-season outlook. The scientists stated a 30% chance of a below-normal season, a 50% chance of a near-normal season and a 20% chance of an above-normal season. The climatologists expected 12–18 named storms, with 5–9 becoming hurricanes, and 2–5 becoming major hurricanes. The below-normal activity forecast was because of increased wind shear and a high expectation of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-neutral conditions throughout the peak in the later months of summer, together with lingering La Niña conditions at the beginning of the season, even though there had already been two named systems – one tropical storm and one major hurricane – in the month of May.[1]

[edit] Seasonal summary

Thus far, the season has been relatively active. Hurricane Bud became a major hurricane in May, marking the third occurrence of such.[2] Hurricane Carlotta threatened Mexico in mid-June. In July three hurricanes developed, two of which reached major hurricane strength. With the formation of Hurricane Fabio on July 12, the season is currently a month ahead of climatological standards.[3]

[edit] Storms

[edit] Tropical Storm Aletta

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration May 14 – May 19
Intensity 50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min),  1000 mbar (hPa)

During the early morning hours of May 12, the National Hurricane Center began to monitor an area of disturbed weather that had developed roughly 550 mi (890 km) to the south-southwest of Acapulco.[4] Moving towards the west-northwest, the system was assessed with a high chance of becoming a tropical cyclone over the next 48 hours during the afternoon hours of the following day as shower and thunderstorm activity had become better defined.[5] The disturbance continued to organize, and by early on May 14, it was deemed sufficiently well organized to be declared as Tropical Depression One-E, a day before the official start of the 2012 Pacific hurricane season.[6] Embedded within a favorable environment for further intensification, the tropical depression intensified into Tropical Storm Aletta at 0000 UTC May 15.[7] Twelve hours later the tropical storm attained its peak intensity with winds of 50 mph and a minimum barometric pressure of 1000 millibars before weakening ensued as Aletta entered an environment characterized by moderate vertical wind shear and an increasingly stable air mass. Late on May 16, Aletta was downgraded to a tropical depression,[8] and the system was declared post-tropical two days later after it was unable to sustain deep thunderstorm activity atop the low-level center for at least twelve hours.[9] The remnants of the storm completely dissipated on May 21.[10]

[edit] Hurricane Bud

Category 3 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration May 21 – May 26
Intensity 115 mph (185 km/h) (1-min),  960 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Hurricane Bud (2012)

On May 12, a low pressure system formed just south of eastern Panama. The storm slowly organized as it moved westwards. On May 15, the storm acquired a burst of convection, and the NHC began to monitor the system.[11] As the storm turned west-northwestwards, it organized significantly. On May 17, wind shear began to erode the storm's convection, weakening the system and causing it to stall, although the system continued to persist. On May 20, the storm strengthened rapidly, as it began moving again and that night the NHC reported that the storm had strengthened into Tropical Depression Two-E.[12] Then, as it slightly accelerated to the west, the storm continued to organize, eventually intensifying into Tropical Storm Bud on May 22, with 40 mph sustained winds[13]. Bud remained at this intensity for one day before strengthening, starting early on May 23, and reached winds of 65 mph (100 km/h) during the afternoon[14]. By the next morning (May 24), Bud continued its rapid intensification, reaching sustained winds of 85 mph[15], and then 110 mph by the afternoon, as the system turned northward[16]. Later on the same day, Bud turned to the northeast, and began to approach the coast of Western Mexico[17]. Late on May 24, Bud intensified further into a Category 3 major hurricane, and obtained a peak intensity of 115 mph winds, with a minimum central low pressure of 960 mbars.[18] Hurricane Bud was able to maintain Category 3 intensity for the next several hours, even as its outer rainbands began moving onshore in Western Mexico. Early on May 25, Hurricane Bud weakened down to a strong Category 2 hurricane.[19] Hurricane Bud rapidly began to weaken, as it slowly moved onshore. Bud quickly lost most of its convection, which was sheared mainly to the north. During the mid-afternoon of May 25, Bud weakened down to a strong tropical storm, as it began making landfall on Western Mexico[20]. Further weakening ensued over the next 24 hours, and Bud degenerated into a remnant low early on May 26[21].

[edit] Hurricane Carlotta

Category 2 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration June 14 – June 17
Intensity 105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min),  976 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Hurricane Carlotta (2012)

A tropical wave in the Eastern Pacific quickly became organized on June 13[22] and became Tropical Depression Three-E early the next day[23]. The National Hurricane Center upgraded it to a Tropical Storm and named it "Carlotta" that afternoon[24]. Carlotta passed over very favorable environmental conditions that allowed further intensification into a Category 2 hurricane[25]. On June 16, Carlotta weakened back into a Category 1 and then made landfall near Puerto Escondido with maximum winds of 90 mph[26]. After making its landfall, Carlotta quickly weakened to a tropical depression because of the mountainous terrain along the coastline[27]. Carlotta continued to move westward, and soon dissipated to a remnant low, late on June 16. Its remnants later merged with another trough of low pressure[28].

Upon formation, hurricane watches were issued for the southern coastline of Mexico[23]. This was later upgraded to a warning when Carlotta became a hurricane[29]. The storm made landfall in southern Mexico, bringing with it heavy rains and gusty winds which caused flash floods and numerous landslides along the area, primarily the state of Oaxaca. A total of seven people were killed by Carlotta, all of them in Oaxaca. Due to the severity of the situation in Oaxaca the governor requested for a state of emergency to be declared to his state[30].

[edit] Hurricane Daniel

Category 3 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration July 4 – July 11
Intensity 115 mph (185 km/h) (1-min),  961 mbar (hPa)

Early on July 2, the National Hurricane Center began monitoring an area of disturbed weather about 475 mi (764 km) south-southeast of Acapulco. Over the next 24 hours, the disturbance continued to become increasingly better organized, and a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert was issued on the system early on July 3[31]. By early on July 4, the system had gained enough organization to be declared as Tropical Depression Four-E[32]. On July 5, Four-E became Tropical Storm Daniel[33]. The cyclone then slowly intensified, and after having been situated over a favorable environment for two days, it intensified into a hurricane[34]. Overnight July 7 to July 8, Daniel rapidly intensified further into a Category 2 hurricane with sustained winds of 105 mph (165 km/h)[35]. Just hours later, Daniel reached its peak intensity of 115 mph (185 km/h) and a central pressure of 961 millibars, a Category 3 hurricane, although the eye was already over cooler waters[36]. However, Daniel only maintained Category 3 status briefly, and six hours later, the eye became less well-defined and the storm weakened back to a Category 2 hurricane[37]. The system maintained this intensity for a while, but by July 9, the hurricane weakened further to a Category 1[38]. Early on July 10, Daniel continued to weaken, eventually becoming a small, shallow tropical storm over a low ocean heat content[39]. The storm then crossed 140°W into the central Pacific as a heavily sheared tropical storm with little convection[40]. On July 11, Daniel's low level circulation center started to became exposed under moderate vertical wind shear. It further weakened into a tropical depression later that day[41] and then degenerated into a remnant low east-southeast of Hawaii, as it became a convectionless vortex[42]. The remnants persisted for almost a week after weakening below tropical depression intensity and eventually brushed Hawaii with little to no effects[43]. Late on July 16, the remnant low of Daniel crossed the International Date Line. On July 18, the remnants of Daniel finally dissipated completely due to dry air and wind shear.[citation needed]

[edit] Hurricane Emilia

Category 4 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration July 7 – July 15
Intensity 140 mph (220 km/h) (1-min),  945 mbar (hPa)

A small but well-defined area of disturbed weather became organized enough to be declared as Tropical Depression Five-E on July 7, about 500 mi (800 km) south-southwest of Acapulco[44]. Later the same day the depression gained sufficient organization to be classified as a tropical storm, receiving the name "Emilia", the fifth named storm of the season[45]. Emilia reached hurricane status early on July 9[46] and began to rapidly intensify into a Category 3 hurricane as the eastern outflow channel from Daniel that had previously inhibited development weakened and allowed Emilia to ventilate its core in all directions[47]. Early on July 10, Emilia reached its peak intensity as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h) and a barometric pressure of 945 mbar[48]. After its peak, Emilia began to fluctuate between a strong Category 2 hurricane and a weak Category 3 hurricane[49]. Although the storm was over cool waters, it was able to maintain this intensity because of its annular structure. However, late on July 12, the eye disappeared from satellite imagery and the storm weakened to a Category 1 hurricane[50]. Early the next morning, it was observed that Emilia passed just north of Daniel's path days earlier, which was a hostile environment. In response to this, the storm dropped to below hurricane status[51]. For a brief period while at tropical storm strength, Emilia passed over a tongue of warmer Sea Surface Temperatures, causing its convection to blossom slightly and weakening to temporarily halt. However, Emilia quickly encountered colder waters and drier air, once again, and weakened to a minimal tropical storm, as a result[52]. Early on July 15, the system transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone, and became an exposed, convectionless vortex[53]. On July 17, the remnant low of Emilia passed south of Hawaii, with little effects[54].

[edit] Hurricane Fabio

Category 2 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration July 12 – July 18
Intensity 105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min),  972 mbar (hPa)

Early on July 12, a well-defined area of low pressure south of Mexico gained enough organization to be declared as Tropical Depression Six-E[55]. Just hours after formation, the sustained winds exceeded 38 miles per hour, and organization became sufficient enough for the depression to be upgraded to Tropical Storm Fabio, the sixth named storm of the season[56]. During the afternoon hours of July 13, Fabio intensified into a Category 1 hurricane, with sustained winds of 80 mph[57]. Later that night, Fabio continued to intensify, and became a strong Category 1 with 90 mph sustained winds[58]. The storm maintained this intensity for a while, before rapidly and unexpectedly intensifying into a 105 mph Category 2 hurricane during the afternoon hours of July 14, as it was being noticed that the cyclone's eye became better-defined, the cloud tops cooled and the system became more symmetric[59]. However, less than 24 hours after becoming a Category 2, the storm began ingesting drier air and was situated over cooler waters, causing it to progressively weaken to below hurricane strength[60]. By July 17, the system's center was devoid of most convection and had weakened down to tropical depression status off the coast of central Baja California[61]. The remnant circulation continued northward, however, and associated clouds and moisture began streaming over Southern California on July 18.[62]

[edit] Hurricane Gilma

Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration August 7 – August 11
Intensity 80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min),  984 mbar (hPa)

On August 5, the NHC began monitoring an area of disturbed weather well off the coast of Mexico.[63] The system gradually began to organize, and the NHC started writing advisories on Tropical Depression Seven-E on August 7.[64] Six hours later, the NHC upgraded the depression into Tropical Storm Gilma[65]. Gilma later started to organize, and it quickly strengthened into a hurricane on August 8[66]. After moving into a more stable environment with cooler waters, Gilma was downgraded into a tropical storm[67]. Because of the progressively cooling waters, Gilma weakened into a post-tropical cyclone on August 11[68].

[edit] Tropical Storm Hector

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration August 11 – August 17
Intensity 45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min),  993 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Depression Eight-E formed on August 11 out of a low pressure area associated with the remnants of Hurricane Ernesto[69]. Due to moderate vertical wind shear, Hector's low level circulation became exposed on August 12[70]. Hector weakened to a tropical depression,[71] and persisted as such for 36 hours before it degenerated into a remnant low.[72]

[edit] Tropical Storm Ileana

Tropical Storm Ileana TS
Ileana Aug 27 2012 2035Z.jpg
Satellite image		 09E 2012 5day.gif
Forecast map
Current storm status
Tropical storm (1-min mean)
As of: 8 a.m. PDT (1500 UTC) August 28
Location: 16.0°N 109.8°W ± 30 nm
About 415 mi (670 km) WSW of Manzanillo, Mexico
About 475 mi (765 km) S of S. tip of Baja California
Winds: 45 knots (50 mph; 85 km/h) sustained (1-min mean)
gusting to 55 knots (65 mph; 100 km/h)
Pressure: 999 mbar (hPa; 29.5 inHg)
Movement: WNW at 8 kt (9 mph; 15 km/h)
See more detailed information.

Tropical Depression Nine-E formed at 2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) on August 27 and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Ileana later that evening. [73] [74]

[edit] Current storm information

As of 8 a.m. PDT (1500 UTC) August 28, Tropical Storm Ileana is located within 30 nautical miles of 16°00′N 109°48′W / 16°N 109.8°W / 16; -109.8 (Ileana), about 415 mi (670 km) west-southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico and about 475 mi (765 km) south of the southern tip of Baja California. Maximum sustained winds are 45 knots (50 mph, 85 km/h), with stronger gusts. Minimum central pressure is 999 mbar (hPa; 29.50 InHg), and the system is moving west-northwest at 8 kt (9 mph, 15 km/h). Tropical storm force winds extend outward up to 45 miles (75 km) from the center of Ileana.

For latest official information see:

[edit] Timeline of events

Main article: Timeline of the 2012 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Carlotta (2012) Hurricane Bud (2012) Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale

[edit] Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE)

ACE (104kt²) (Source) — Storm:
1 18.0 Emilia 6 3.51 Carlotta
2 14.7
(0.123)		 Daniel 7 2.02 Hector
3 10.1 Fabio 8 1.18 Aletta
4 7.15 Bud 9 0.523 Ileana
5 4.93 Gilma  
Total: 62.1 (0.123)

The table on the right shows the ACE for each storm in the season. Broadly speaking, the ACE is a measure of the power of a hurricane multiplied by the length of time it existed, so storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. ACE is calculated for only full advisories on specifically tropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 34 knots (39 mph, 63 km/h), or tropical storm strength. Accordingly, tropical depressions are not included here. The ACE also does not include subtropical storms. Later the NHC reexamines the data, and produces a final report on each storm, which can lead to the ACE for a storm being revised either upward or downward. Until the final reports are issued, ACEs are, therefore, provisional.

The figures in parentheses are for storms in the Central Pacific basin west of 140°W; those not in parentheses are for the Eastern Pacific basin.

[edit] Storm names

The following names will be used for named storms that form in the Eastern Pacific in 2012. Retired names, if any, will be announced by the World Meteorological Organization in the spring of 2013. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2018 season. This is the same list used in the 2006 season.

  • Ileana (currently active)
  • John (unused)
  • Kristy (unused)
  • Lane (unused)
  • Miriam (unused)
  • Norman (unused)
  • Olivia (unused)
  • Paul (unused)
  • Rosa (unused)
  • Sergio (unused)
  • Tara (unused)
  • Vicente (unused)
  • Willa (unused)
  • Xavier (unused)
  • Yolanda (unused)
  • Zeke (unused)

For storm the form in the Central Pacific Hurricane Center's area of responsibility originates around the islands of Hawaii. There are several names that are in four lists; the next four names to be used are shown below.

  • Pewa (unused)
  • Unala (unused)
  • Wali (unused)
  • Ana (unused)

[edit] Season effects

This is a table of all of the storms in the 2012 Pacific hurricane season. It includes their durations, peak intensities, names, landfall(s), damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but are still storm-related. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low. All of the damage figures are in 2012 USD.

Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
2012 Pacific hurricane statistics
Storm
name		 Dates active Storm category

at peak intensity

 Max 1-min
wind

mph (km/h)

 Min.
press.
(mbar)		 Areas affected Damage
(millions
USD)		 Deaths


Aletta May 14 – May 19 Tropical storm 50 (85) 1000 None None None
Bud May 21 – May 26 Category 3 hurricane 115 (185) 960 Western Mexico Minimal None
Carlotta June 14 – June 17 Category 2 hurricane 105 (165) 976 Southern Mexico (Oaxaca) Unknown 2 (1)
Daniel July 4 – July 11 Category 3 hurricane 115 (185) 961 None None None
Emilia July 7 – July 15 Category 4 hurricane 140 (220) 945 None None None
Fabio July 12 – July 18 Category 2 hurricane 105 (165) 972 Baja California, West Coast of the United States Minimal None
Gilma August 7 – August 11 Category 1 hurricane 80 (130) 984 None None None
Hector August 11 – August 17 Tropical storm 45 (75) 993 Western Mexico None None
Ileana August 27 – Currently active Tropical storm 45 (75) 1000 None None None
Season Aggregates
9 cyclones May 14 – Currently active    140 mph (220 km/h) 945 Unknown 2 (1)

[edit] See also

Portal icon Tropical cyclones portal

[edit] References

  1. ^ "NOAA: 2012 Eastern Pacific Hurricane Season Outlook". Climate Prediction Center. May 24, 2012. http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/Epac_hurr/Epac_hurricane.html. Retrieved August 7, 2012. 
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  3. ^ Kelley, Johnny (July 4, 2012). "Eastern Pacific spews out fifth hurricane more than a month ahead of schedule". The Examiner. http://article.wn.com/view/2012/07/14/Eastern_Pacific_spews_out_fifth_hurricane_more_than_a_month_/. Retrieved 20 July 2012. 
  4. ^ Jack Beven (May 12, 2012). "Special Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/epac/201205121453/index.php?basin=epac&current_issuance=201205121453. Retrieved July 18, 2012. 
  5. ^ Daniel Brown (May 13, 2012). "Special Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/epac/201205140018/index.php?basin=epac&current_issuance=201205140018. Retrieved July 18, 2012. 
  6. ^ Todd Kimberlain (May 14, 2012). "Tropical Depression One-E Public Advisory Number 1". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep01/ep012012.public.001.shtml?. Retrieved July 18, 2012. 
  7. ^ Richard Pasch (May 14, 2012). "Tropical Storm Aletta Public Advisory Number 3". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep01/ep012012.public.003.shtml?. Retrieved July 18, 2012. 
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  9. ^ John Cangialosi (May 19, 2012). "Post-Tropical Cyclone Aletta Public Advisory Number 21". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep01/ep012012.public.021.shtml?. Retrieved July 18, 2012. 
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  12. ^ Michael Brennan (May 20, 2012). "Tropical Depression TWO-E Public Advisory Number 1". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.001.shtml?. Retrieved August 11, 2012. 
  13. ^ Daniel Brown (May 22, 2012). "Tropical Storm Bud Public Advisory Number 6". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.006.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  14. ^ Robbie Berg (May 23, 2012). "Tropical Storm Bud Public Advisory Number 11". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.011.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  15. ^ Robbie Berg; James Franklin (May 24, 2012). "Hurricane Bud Public Advisory Number 14". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.014.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  16. ^ Daniel Brown (May 24, 2012). "Hurricane Bud Public Advisory Number 16". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.016.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
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  18. ^ Stacy Stewart (May 24, 2012). "Hurricane Bud Public Advisory Number 17". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.017.shtml?. Retrieved August 11, 2012. 
  19. ^ Michael Brennan (May 25, 2012). "Hurricane Bud Public Advisory Number 18". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.018.shtml?. Retrieved August 11, 2012. 
  20. ^ Jack Beven (May 25, 2012). "Tropical Storm Bud Public Advisory Number 21". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.021.shtml?. Retrieved August 11, 2012. 
  21. ^ James Franklin (May 26, 2012). "Post-tropical Cyclone Bud Public Advisory Number 23". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep02/ep022012.public.023.shtml?. Retrieved August 11, 2012. 
  22. ^ "Tropical Weather Outlook June 13 2012, 12z". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on June 13, 2012. http://www.webcitation.org/69wPpBQdS. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  23. ^ a b Daniel Brown; Robbie Berg (June 13, 2012). "Tropical Depression Three-E Public Advisory Number 1". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.public.001.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  24. ^ Stacy Stewart (June 14, 2012). "Tropical Storm Carlotta Public Advisory Number 2". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.public.002.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  25. ^ Jack Beven (June 15, 2012). "Hurricane Carlotta Public Advisory Number 8". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.public.008.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  26. ^ Lixion Avila (June 16, 2012). "Hurricane Carlotta Public Advisory Number 9". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.public.009.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  27. ^ Lixion Avila (June 16, 2012). "Tropical Depression Carlotta Public Advisory Number 11". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.public.011.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  28. ^ Robbie Berg (June 16, 2012). "Post-tropical Cyclone Carlotta Discussion Number 13". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.discus.013.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  29. ^ Jack Beven (June 15, 2012). "Hurricane Carlotta Public Advisory Number 7". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep03/ep032012.public.007.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  30. ^ "Death toll rises to 3 from hurricane in Mexico". Fox News Latino. June 18, 2012. http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2012/06/18/death-toll-rises-to-3-from-hurricane-in-mexico/. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
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  33. ^ Michael Brennan (July 5, 2012). "Tropical Storm Daniel Public Advisory Number 6". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep04/ep042012.public.006.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
  34. ^ Robbie Berg (July 7, 2012). "Hurricane Daniel Public Advisory Number 12". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2012/ep04/ep042012.public.012.shtml?. Retrieved August 15, 2012. 
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[edit] External links

Tropical cyclones of the 2012 Pacific hurricane season
Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2012_Pacific_hurricane_season&oldid=509614882"
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